VAT Calculator
Add VAT to a net price, or work backwards to remove VAT from a gross (VAT-inclusive) price. Enter an amount and a rate - or tap a common UK/EU rate - to see the net, VAT, and gross totals instantly.
How to calculate VAT
Value Added Tax (VAT) is a consumption tax charged in the UK and across the European Union. Most prices are quoted either net (excluding VAT) or gross (including VAT), and you often need to move between the two.
- Adding VAT: gross = net x (1 + rate). At 20%, a net price of 1,000 becomes a gross of 1,200, with 200 of VAT.
- Removing VAT: net = gross / (1 + rate). At 20%, a gross price of 1,200 works back to a net of 1,000 and 200 of VAT.
UK and EU VAT rates
The UK standard rate is 20%, with reduced rates of 5% and 0% for certain goods and services. Each EU country sets its own standard rate - commonly between 19% and 25% - plus reduced rates. Use the quick-rate buttons for the most common values, or type the exact rate for your country and product.
Net, VAT, and gross on an invoice
A VAT invoice shows the net amount, the VAT rate and amount, and the gross total separately so the buyer can reclaim the VAT. When you are ready to bill, the EU VAT invoice generator and the UK invoice generator build a clean, itemised VAT invoice with these fields filled in for you.
Disclaimer: This tool provides an estimate based on the rate you enter. It does not determine whether VAT is due, the correct rate for a specific product, or whether a reverse charge or exemption applies. Confirm the rules for your country and transaction.
Frequently asked questions
How do I add VAT to a price? +
Multiply the net (VAT-exclusive) amount by the VAT rate to get the VAT, then add it to the net to get the gross. For example, on 1,000 at 20% VAT: the VAT is 200 and the gross is 1,200. Choose 'Add VAT' above and the calculator does this for you.
How do I remove VAT from a gross (VAT-inclusive) price? +
Divide the gross amount by 1 plus the rate. At 20% VAT, divide the gross by 1.20 to get the net, then subtract to find the VAT. For 1,200 gross at 20%, the net is 1,000 and the VAT is 200. Choose 'Remove VAT' above to reverse-calculate.
What are the standard VAT rates in the UK and EU? +
The UK standard VAT rate is 20% (with 5% and 0% reduced rates). EU standard rates vary by country - for example 19% in Germany, 20% in France, 21% in the Netherlands and Ireland's standard rate, 22% in Italy, and up to 25-27% in the Nordics and Hungary. Always confirm the rate that applies to your specific country and product.
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